Apricots
The apricot, known in English as Apricot, is a type of plant belonging to a genus that includes many other species. This genus is called Prunus in Latin and belongs to the Rosaceae family, which is part of the Rosales order. The Rosaceae family contains numerous plants and is considered one of the most important and well-known families in the Rosales order. The name “Rosaceae” comes from the resemblance of the flowers of its plants to roses.
The scientific name of the apricot is Prunus armeniaca, often abbreviated as P. armeniaca. In addition to apricots, several other trees in the Rosaceae family are categorized under the sub-group known as stone fruits, or drupes. This group includes almonds and peaches, among others.
Apricot Tree
The apricot tree is medium in height, usually not exceeding 12 meters. It is a deciduous fruit tree and is considered one of the most beautiful trees in nature, similar to other members of the Rosaceae family.
Apricot fruits are round or oval in shape, with colors ranging from yellow to orange and sometimes reddish. The flavor can be sweet or tart. Apricots can be eaten fresh, dried, or processed into various products like dried slices (Qamar Al-Din), jam, or juice.
Origin of Apricots
The original homeland of apricots is said to be China, though some sources suggest Armenia. Today, apricots are cultivated widely around the world.
The largest producer and exporter of apricots is Turkey, with an output of 795,768 tons in 2012. Apricots thrive in temperate climates and are predominantly grown in the Mediterranean Basin. These trees require a temperate climate with cold winters and warm summers.
In spring, apricot buds bloom into white or pink flowers, and the fruits are typically harvested in the summer.
Cultivation of Apricots
Apricots can grow in various soil types, but they thrive best in deep, well-drained, and aerated loamy soils. Saline soils are unsuitable for apricot cultivation.
Farmers should prepare the land thoroughly before planting by plowing, fertilizing, cleaning, and ensuring it is well-drained. If the area is prone to strong winds, windbreaks are recommended.
Apricots can be grown from seeds or by planting nursery-bought saplings directly in the field. After planting, the trees require proper care, including regular watering, fertilization, and pruning.
