How to Preserve Soil
Protecting Soil from Erosion
- Adding Organic Matter:
Soil can be protected from erosion by adding organic materials, such as compost. This enriches the soil or loosens it, allowing better penetration of organic matter when adequately watered. - Planting Trees and Grasses:
Planting trees and grasses can help secure topsoil. Tree leaves absorb excess water, protecting the topsoil from rain impact, wind, and even foot traffic. Plant roots stabilize the soil, preventing erosion. Additionally, grass and plant roots extract nutrients from deeper soil layers, improving the health of the topsoil. Recommended plants include rye, wheat, barley, and root vegetables like radishes.
Preventing Wind Erosion
Winds contribute to soil erosion. To combat this, rows of trees can be planted in the direction of the wind to act as windbreaks. Trees with dense foliage, such as juniper, black poplar, and pine, are particularly effective.
Avoiding Soil Compaction
Soil compaction should be avoided as it tightly presses soil particles together, reducing water infiltration and making it easier for the topsoil to erode. Additionally, compaction hampers soil aeration, making it unsuitable for agriculture.
Digging Rainwater Channels
Digging rainwater channels helps direct and collect rainwater, reducing surface runoff and preserving water flow.
Reducing the Use of Chemicals
Some fertilizers contain heavy metals and chemicals that negatively impact living organisms. The Food and Fertilizer Technology Center recommends minimizing the use of toxic substances or finding natural alternatives to prevent soil contamination.
